SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND

KRAS, NRAS

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Scientific Background

The ForeSENTIA KRAS and NRAS Gene-Focused Panel tests for single nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions on the KRAS and NRAS genes. KRAS and NRAS are two genes transcribed into protein kinases. These proteins are essential in cell growth, regulation of cell signaling pathways, and cell proliferation.

 

In cancer, they were found to be frequently mutated resulting in abnormal cell signaling regulation, and cell proliferation of cancerous cells. There are several drugs that are currently used for certain tumors and target KRAS and NRAS mutations. Some examples include panitumumab and cetuximab which target both NRAS and KRAS in colorectal cancer patients. Sotorasib is another drug that targets a specific mutation in the KRAS gene in patients with NSCLC. Some examples of cancers caused by KRAS/NRAS mutations include colorectal, melanoma, and others.

 

References and more information: 

Bożyk A, Krawczyk P, Reszka K, Krukowska K, Kolak A, Mańdziuk S, Wojas-Krawczyk K, Ramlau R, Milanowski J. Correlation between KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations and tumor localizations in patients with primary and metastatic colorectal cancer. Arch Med Sci. 2021 Mar 24;18(5):1221-1230. doi: 10.5114/aoms/109170. PMID: 36160343; PMCID: PMC9479594.

GENES

KRAS, NRAS
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